Improvement in telegraphic accumulators and condensers



BEST AVAILABLE COPY H. A. TAYLOR 8: A. MUIRHEAD. Telegraphic Acoumulators a nd Condensers.

Patented July 23,1878;

' laper made as above described may be u in-constructing standards of high resistance.

- Weobtaina paper whieheontainsintimately n'termixedwith the pulp a condneting-pow- BEST AVAlLABLE COPY .UNITED STATES- .PA'EENT' 'QFFICE.

HERBERT ,A. TAYLOR, or OORNHILL, LONDON,AND ALEXANDER MUIRHEAD,

or 159 CAMDEN oan, MIDDLESEX COUNTY, ENG-LAND.

4 JMPROVEMENT IN TELEGRAPHVIC ACCUMU LATORSAND CONDENSERS.

Specification forming part of Letterslatent- No. 206,366, dated July 23,1878: application filed May 15, 1878; patented inEnglnnd, February 24,1875.

' To Gumbo-m itmay concern: I

Be it known that we}, HER-BERT ARNAUD,

TAYLOR, of'7 Popes Head Alley, Cornhill, in

the city of London, and ALEXANDER Mum IIEAD,-of 159 Camden Road, in the county of The subject-1natterclaimed -=lVith paper-pulp is mi ed a substance, such as black lead (phnnbago) or precipitated met- .ials, gold, silver, coppeiyoriother-good conducting substance, by which a moderate c0n ducting power is'--imparted to thepaper r' due'edfrmn-the pulp, orby .chernicalproeesses conducting -materials nia;y'.-be precipitated in thebody of the paper. T 'lhe'paper so prepared 'is'mranged between alternatelayers of a (lielectrie,- which may consist of paper-treated with parafiine wax or shellae,of gutta-pereha or nnca. In accumulators thus prepared the conducting-paper takes the place,'partly or inf whole, of the metallic sheets (tin-foil or lead) hitherto generally employed' 1 To form the imitationtelegra-pli-li ne this conducting-paper, insulated, as in the condenser,-

by sheets ota 'di electric material, is so arran ged by eonnecting a number of the sheets, either -'lll contmuons or parallel circuit, that-the elec- 'trieal properties of the telegraph line vor cable are imitated, so that uniformly throughout ythelimitation line the conductive resistance bears-the same ratio to the electrostatic ca-'. pacity as the resistance (either totalor per. unit .of length) of the telegraph line or .cable' -.bears to itseleetrostatic capacity der. llumbago'we prefer. The paper we have used, and which worksv well, contains about lift-y percent. of plumbago. It'isof the substance of stout blotting-wiper, andwe obtain it, in sheets about eleven by eighteen 1llCll0S but other sizes,- ot course, may beobtained it required. flhe plumba-go is mixed \vitlrtlm. paper-pulp in the same way as other powders have sometimes been i n'trodueed,.with a view to give substance to the. paper. '=-When vthis paper is tobe used in conjunction with paratiine paper, we apply, inorder to render it less porous, awealc solution of 'she'llae'in alco--- hol, either by dipping or brushing; but this is unnccessarywhenshellaeked paper is used for the insulator. =-\;Ve -.also obtain sheets of a suitable dielectric." Paper satuiated with par- ;afiine waxwe employby preference. '0 also.

obtain sheets of a material which is a good conductor of electricity; we employ tin-foil by preference. -"NVe-place these sheets the one on the otherin; the followin g'order: Para-dine;

paper, tin-foihp'aratfine paper, plri'mba-go paper, p'arafline paper, tin-foil, parathne paper, 'plumbagOpaper, and sofdn nntllwehave accumulated as many sheets as wethinlc-desirable -say, .fo'r example, we use twenty sheets of pl-nmbagoip'aper. The pile'will then consist of eightythree sheets in 11..;-:'r1|e sheets of plumba go paper are (if we intend the conduction to. be alongthe' length of the paper)made longer than: theparafline sheets'say',' by, an .inch and a halt, 0rtheieabontso that-one sheet of -,plumbago pap'er comes into contact witlran'ot'her 'sheetot the same Ill aterial at the vmargin allalong each end and'Jto holdthe sheets-tightly together along these'margins we pass copperrivets 'tln'ongh'them. The sheets of parafiinepaper are somewhat. wider than the plumbago paper, 'so Y that they eflect- 'nal-ly prevent the sheets of plumbago paper coming into contaetithe one with the other, ex-

cept atthe margins,as'alreadystated. -'J3hesheets of tin-foil are smaller than the sheets of 'parafilne paper,;so as to insure that they shall be kept out of contact with the plnmba-go paper; but the-sheets of tin-foil or tongues prosed" Joe-ting from them are allowed to come .into

contaetfone'with the other at one or. both sides .reinotetrom the projecting margins of the plumbago paper.

It is advisable to put the sheets together whentli'e-parafline is hot, and to press them between hot plates of metal from time-to time as the sheets are accumulated, so that the paratfine sheets may adhere closely together all round except where the projecting parts or tongues of the tin'foil come between them. This completes the construction of one unit or sect-ion of the artificial line or balancing apparatus.

To form a complete artificial line or balanciii apparatus a number, more or less considerable, of such units are combined the one with the other by connecting their riveted margins in such a way as to establish a good electric communication between them, and when the instrument is in use one end of the artificial line or balancing apparatus may be connected with the transmitter and the other to earth, while the sheets of tin-foil have a directearth connection. This is the arrangement we prefor when the cable hasa direct connectionwith the transmitter and with the receivinginst-rnmei t; or if, as is now very usual, condensers are interposed at both ends between the cable and the instruments, we make similar arrangements in respect to the artificial or balancing line. \Vheii the cable is worked on other systems the connections will be varied to suit the particular system in use, as will be well understood by electricians, the objecthcin g in all cases to assimilate as closely as possible the conditions under which the actual and the-i initationcable- \\'onl;.ed. .r

If we desire to make an artificial line or balancing apparatus to work with an existing telegraph-cable of which the resistance and capacityarc known, we can so construct one unit as to represent both in resistance and capacity a given lengtho'f cable, and then it is only necessary to couple up these units in continuous circuit to correspond to the entire 206,366 BEST AVAlL/aBLE COP conreiiient to make the units. with COIDPfllfl tively high resistance as compared with the capacity, and then, by arranging the units in parallel circuit, a balancing arrangement or artificial line can be readily arranged correspondingapproximately to any cable likely to be met within practice, the resistance bein g dependent on the dimensions and arrange ment of the plumbago paper-and theeapacity said invention and the manner of performing the same, we would have it understood that v we claim-' The construction of artificial lines or accumulators having also power of conduction by combining the following parts: first, conductingstrips of paper'prepared with plumbago or other conducting material, by which the current passes through the "instrument; sec- .onthmetal foil or other. conducting material having an earth connection, through which it charges and discharges itself; th rd, separatin g sheets of dielectric or lllSllkl-tlll" material,

the whole armm ged substantially as describcd,

London, 20th December, 1877.

H. A. TAYLOR. ALEX. MUianEAn.

Witnesses: v

Oims. iimxuzv HAnRis, JOHN DEAN,

length of the cable; but in other casesit is 7201]: of 17 (l'racecliurch St, London, E. C. 

